Martin Luther Memorial Church
Berlim, Berlim, Germany
Suggest Place to Visit
5005
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The Martin-Luther-Gedächtniskirche in the Berlin district of Mariendorf is a monument and a witness of the times of a certain kind. It was built from 1933 to 1935 on the basis of a long period of planning. The interior design was decidedly mixed with ecclesiastical symbolism. This can still be seen today. For this reason, the church has been referred to in the press as the "Nazi Church" since around 2004, when it got caught in the line due to its own construction. The community itself sees the opposition to this design in the Zeitgeist of 1933 as a memorial.
In the same 19th century the expansion of the metropolis of Berlin meant rapid growth in many suburbs. Mariendorf also experienced rapid population growth. The village church of Mariendorf, a stone church from the 13th century, war for the community in 1885 was long too small. In that year the view of the expansion of the village church or the construction of a new church was administered.
In 1908 the impetus to build a new church was given. However, priority is given to the construction of a church in Südende, the last part of the Parish of Mariendorf. In 1918, at the end of the first reign, the municipality passed the resolution to build a new church and the rights of the Mariendorf town hall. It is the church in memory of the dead of war or the peace church. Since 1924 a church building association has been called. In 1927 it was named after the theologian and writer Jochen Klepper and is now under the Jochen Klepper House, according to a design by Curt Steinberg, the head of the church building Bauamz-Zens. Steinberg then presented the design for the church in 1929. The model has been in the hall of the parish hall since 1929. The construction was initially withdrawn due to lack of money.
Construction work was completed in September 1933. The construction of the church was carried out under the sign of job creation, with unemployment still high. On October 22, 1933 the foundation stone was worked. Steinberg stands behind the worldview of the new rulers and the elements of the time in the design of the interior. The Martin Luther Memorial Church was consecrated on December 22, 1935.
Brick pillars deal with nave, apse and tower. The roof has an iron structure. The church tower was heard at over 50 meters. Because of the distance to Tempelhof Airport, this dimension was reduced to 49.20 meters, the warning lights that were normally heard are no longer available. A 6.60 meter high bell house accommodated bronze bells. The facade is made up of the large-format terracotta panels, the totality of the structure, the composition and the masonry; a practice that has been constructed to deepen about since the mid-1990s.
In the nave, the slightly sloping, stepless floor must be added to give the room a theatrical effect. This is also controlled by the ceramic-clad belt arches on the barrel vault. The transition from the nave to the chancel was created by a triumphal arch. This arch is controversial with around 800 symbol terracottas by Heinrich Mekelburger, which show 36 recurring motifs. The Christian motifs are systematically with new and National Socialist symbols include: Immediately next to a swastika is the Christ monogram, the evangelist symbols and the crown of thorns. Furthermore, a halo was to be seen here as a National Socialist national emblem and the NSV emblem. This combination distance of the ideology of the German Christians as a synthesis of Christianity and National Socialism. The swastikas and symbols of the NSV were condemned after the end of Nazi rule, but the associated imperial eagles remained and their places.
The vestibule is the hall of honor for the fallen of the first entitled. The ceiling belongs to the candlestick with the large iron cross, which is entwined with oak leaves. In 1922, the General Secretary of the German War Graves Commission had such chandeliers as a "sensible honor" in church leadership. On the last, life-size portrait half-reliefs of the heads of Reich President Paul von Hindenburg and the reformer Martin Luther. According to Jochen Kleppers' diary from 24./27. January 1936 a representation of Adolf Hitler (in the anteroom Hitler's portrait bust). A verse from a song by Martin Luther can be seen between the wall and the ceiling.
The chancel is lit through nine lead-glazed windows with stations of the creed. Without Hans Gottfried von Stockhausen without year 1970, the state was waged at war by Werner Göritz Herren Fenster. The altar is removed from wooden figures, dies without losing any attribute to hold, even when the coming evangelists will be. The woodwork on the pulpit and baptism testify to the zeitgeist. At the pulpit, soldiers, SA men and Hitler Youth join the other figures from the Sermon on the Mount. The wooden baptism also shows a uniform SA man on one side. The spirit of the times at the altar cross is also prompted: There is no suffering or dying Christ there, instead of a German hero with a defiantly stretched chin and hat.
In 1989 the parish church council bought the works of art Auschwitz and Oratio by the Polish artist Pawel Warcholz to deal with the National Socialist design of the church interior. Fourteen collagen form a sequence that begins at the camp gate and ends an incinerator. They represent a bond and the stations of a crossroads.
The organ, which was built in 1935 by the organ building company E.F. Walcker (Ludwigsburg) was built. Before being installed, it was placed in Nuremberg for the 7th Nazi Party Congress in 1935, at which the Nuremberg Laws were promulgated. After the end of the party congress, the instrument was dismantled in October 1935 and decisions taken to Berlin, where it was inaugurated in December 1935. After an interim condition in the first few years, the organ was returned to its historical state in 1984. The instrument has 50 registers (including seven transmissions) on came manuals and pedal. The two swell works are expanded to a range up to a4. The actions are electro-pneumatic.
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