Lorvão Monastery
Lorvão, Coimbra, Portugal
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The Monastery of Santa Maria de Lorvão or simply Monastery of Lorvão, was an important monastery and center for the production of illuminated manuscripts in the 12th century, later serving as a female monastery. After the extinction of Religious Orders in Portugal in the 19th century, it saw new use in the 20th century as a psychiatric hospital, the Hospital Psiquiatrico do Lorvão, closed in 2012.
The Monastery of Lorvão has been classified as a National Monument since 1910.
The monastery was originally a male monastery. In the 10th century, its importance was already considerable, a status that it maintained throughout the Middle Ages. In the middle of the 11th century the monastery adopted the Benedictine Rule, being dedicated to São Mamede.
In the second half of the 12th century, during the reign of D. Afonso Henriques, the first king of Portugal, important remodeling took place, which resulted, quite possibly, in a new cloister and a church with three naves. This coincided with the government of Abbot João (1162-1192), during which the monastery of Lorvão, along with the monastery of Santa Cruz de Coimbra, was one of the main centers of production of illuminated manuscripts of the young kingdom. Among the production of the scriptorium of Lorvão, the Book of Birds, executed at the end of the reign of D. Afonso Henriques (1184), and the Apocalypse of Lorvão, executed during the reign of D. Sancho I (1189) stand out.
In the year 1206 the monastery passed to the Cistercian Order, and at the same time it became a female monastery, now having Saint Mary as its invocation. This profound transformation was due to the Infanta Beata Teresa of Portugal, daughter of D. Sancho I and wife of Afonso IX de Leão, who after having had three children with the Leonese monarch saw the marriage being declared invalid by consanguinity and returned to Portugal , living in the monastery until the date of her death, in 1250. The infant is now buried in the monastery church together with her sister, Beata Sancha de Portugal, in ballot boxes executed already in the 18th century, after the beatification of the children in 1705, by the Porto silversmith Manuel Carneiro da Silva in 1714. These two children were the ones who, after their father's death, maintained a dispute with their brother, King D. Afonso II, about their rights.
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